ГРАММАТИКА
Совершенные времена (Perfect Tenses)
Образование и употребление прошедшего совершенного времени (The Past Perfect
Tense)
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Утверждающая
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Питальна
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Отрицательная
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I had worked.
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Had I worked?
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I had not (hadn't) worked.
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You had worked.
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Had you worked?
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You had not (hadn't) worked.
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He had worked.
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Had he worked?
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He had not (hadn't) worked.
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She had worked.
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Had she worked?
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She had not (hadn't) worked.
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It had worked.
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Had it worked?
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It had not (hadn't) worked.
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We had worked.
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Had we worked?
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We had not (hadn't) worked.
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You had worked.
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Had you worked?
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You had not (hadn't) worked.
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They had worked.
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Had they worked?
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They had not (hadn't) worked.
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1. The Past Perfect образуется с помощью вспомогательного had и the Past
Participle основного глагола:
I had read the article by 5 o'clock. - Я (уже) прочитал статью до
пяти часов.
I had written the letter when he came in. - Я (уже) написал письмо,
когда он вошел.
2. The Past Perfect употребляется для выражения прошлого действия, которая уже
состоялась до определенного момента или другого действия в прошлом. Этот момент может
обозначаться такими словосочетаниями: by five o'clock к пяти часам, by
Sunday-воскресенье, by that time к тому времени by the first of October до первого
октября т.д.
I had done it by that time. - Я сделал это до того времени.
When he came I had already done the exercise. - Когда он пришел,
я уже сделал упражнение.
3. В разговорной речи употребляются сокращенные формы:
I'd worked. He hadn't worked.